1  Applicable scenario

        The river 、 The swimming pool 、 The pool 、 Fish pond 、 domestic water 、 Water quality monitoring scenarios such as industrial water .

2  development environment

        Lower computer development environment ：IAR embedded Workbench

        Upper computer development environment ：Visual Studio 2022

3  Hardware components （ Consider adding PH Or conductivity sensor ）

        ZigBee Gateway nodes （ The chip model is CC2530 Single chip microcomputer ）、ZigBee Collection node （ The chip model is CC2530 Single chip microcomputer ）、DS18B20 Temperature sensor （ Waterproof type ）、 Water level sensor 、 Turbidity sensor 、 Buzzer 、 Key module 、USB turn TTL-CH340 modular 、OLED Display screen 、USB Charging line

4  function

•     Real-time monitoring ： Real time monitoring of water temperature 、 The water level 、 turbidity , And display to OLED On the screen .
•     Abnormal alarm ： When the water temperature 、 The water level 、 Turbidity is not within the set threshold , Automatic audible and visual alarm reminder .
•     Upper computer monitoring ： The water temperature value can be checked in real time on the upper computer 、 Water level 、 Turbidity value , Set the water temperature value 、 Water level 、 Threshold of turbidity value .
•     database ： You can check the historical water temperature 、 The water level 、 The real-time value and parameters of turbidity are abnormal .

5  Physical drawing of lower computer

6  Upper computer  

6  database  

7  Upper computer related source code  

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
using System.IO.Ports;

namespace ZigBeeApp
{
    public partial class FormMain : Form
    {

        /*@start Serial Base*********************************************/
        private SerialPort sp = new SerialPort();// Declare a serial port class 
        private bool isOpen = false;// Open the serial port flag bit 
        private bool usart_closing = false;// Whether the serial port is being shut down , perform Application.DoEvents, Prevent re-entry invoke
        private bool usart_listening = false;// Monitor whether the serial port is being executed invoke The relevant operation 
        private List<byte> buffer = new List<byte>(4096);// Default assignment 1 Page memory , And always limit not to exceed 
        private long SendCount = 0;
        private long ReceiveCount = 0;

        // Serial port form initialization 
        private void SerialSettingInit()
        {
            // Maximum support to serial port 32, It can be increased according to your own needs 
            for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++)
            {
                cboxCOM.Items.Add("COM" + (i + 1).ToString());
            }
            cboxCOM.SelectedIndex = 0;
            // List commonly used baud rates 
            cboxBaudRate.Items.Add("1200");
            cboxBaudRate.Items.Add("2400");
            cboxBaudRate.Items.Add("4800");
            cboxBaudRate.Items.Add("9600");
            cboxBaudRate.Items.Add("19200");
            cboxBaudRate.Items.Add("38400");
            cboxBaudRate.Items.Add("43000");
            cboxBaudRate.Items.Add("56000");
            cboxBaudRate.Items.Add("57600");
            cboxBaudRate.Items.Add("115200");
            cboxBaudRate.SelectedIndex = 9;
            // List stop bits 
            cboxStopBits.Items.Add("0");
            cboxStopBits.Items.Add("1");
            cboxStopBits.Items.Add("1.5");
            cboxStopBits.Items.Add("2");
            cboxStopBits.SelectedIndex = 1;
            // List data bits 
            cboxDataBits.Items.Add("8");
            cboxDataBits.Items.Add("7");
            cboxDataBits.Items.Add("6");
            cboxDataBits.Items.Add("5");
            cboxDataBits.SelectedIndex = 0;
            // List parity bits 
            cboxParity.Items.Add(" nothing ");
            cboxParity.Items.Add(" Odd check ");
            cboxParity.Items.Add(" Even check ");
            cboxParity.SelectedIndex = 0;

            countClear();
        }

        // Detect available serial ports 
        private void buttonCheck_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            bool comExistence = false;// There are available serial port flag bits 
            cboxCOM.Items.Clear(); // Clear all serial port names in the current serial port number 
            for (int i = 0; i < 32; i++)
            {
                try
                {
                    SerialPort sp = new SerialPort("COM" + (i + 1).ToString());
                    sp.Open();
                    sp.Close();
                    cboxCOM.Items.Add("COM" + (i + 1).ToString());
                    comExistence = true;
                }
                catch (Exception)
                {
                    continue;
                }
            }
            if (comExistence)
            {
                cboxCOM.SelectedIndex = 0;// send ListBox  According to the first 1  Added indexes 
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show(" No available serial ports found ！", " Error message ");
            }
        }

        // Detect serial port settings 
        private bool CheckPortSetting()
        {
            if (cboxCOM.Text.Trim() == "") return false;
            if (cboxBaudRate.Text.Trim() == "") return false;
            if (cboxDataBits.Text.Trim() == "") return false;
            if (cboxParity.Text.Trim() == "") return false;
            if (cboxStopBits.Text.Trim() == "") return false;
            return true;
        }

        // Open the serial port and press the key to respond 
        private void buttonOpen_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (isOpen == false)
            {
                if (CheckPortSetting())
                {
                    sp.PortName = cboxCOM.Text.Trim();// Set serial port name 
                    sp.BaudRate = Convert.ToInt32(cboxBaudRate.Text.Trim());// Set the baud rate of the serial port 
                    float f = Convert.ToSingle(cboxStopBits.Text.Trim());// Set stop bit 
                    if (f == 0)
                    {
                        sp.StopBits = StopBits.None;
                    }
                    else if (f == 1.5)
                    {
                        sp.StopBits = StopBits.OnePointFive;
                    }
                    else if (f == 1)
                    {
                        sp.StopBits = StopBits.One;
                    }
                    else if (f == 2)
                    {
                        sp.StopBits = StopBits.Two;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        sp.StopBits = StopBits.One;
                    }
                    sp.DataBits = Convert.ToInt16(cboxDataBits.Text.Trim());// set data bit 
                    string s = cboxParity.Text.Trim(); // Set parity bit 
                    if (s.CompareTo(" nothing ") == 0)
                    {
                        sp.Parity = Parity.None;
                    }
                    else if (s.CompareTo(" Odd check ") == 0)
                    {
                        sp.Parity = Parity.Odd;
                    }
                    else if (s.CompareTo(" Even check ") == 0)
                    {
                        sp.Parity = Parity.Even;
                    }
                    else
                    {
                        sp.Parity = Parity.None;
                    }
                }
                else
                {
                    return;
                }

                // Set the timeout reading time 
                sp.ReadTimeout = -1;
                sp.RtsEnable = true;
                // Definition DataReceived  event , An event is triggered when the serial port receives data 
                sp.DataReceived -= new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(sp_DataReceived);
                sp.DataReceived += new SerialDataReceivedEventHandler(sp_DataReceived);

                try// Open the serial port 
                {
                    sp.Open();
                    isOpen = true;
                    buttonOpen.Text = " Turn off the serial port ";
                    // After the serial port is opened, the relevant serial port setting button can no longer be used 
                    cboxCOM.Enabled = false;
                    cboxBaudRate.Enabled = false;
                    cboxStopBits.Enabled = false;
                    cboxDataBits.Enabled = false;
                    cboxParity.Enabled = false;
                    buttonCheck.Enabled = false;

                }
                catch (Exception)
                {
                    // After failed to open the serial port , The corresponding flag bit is cancelled 
                    isOpen = false;
                    MessageBox.Show(" The serial port is invalid or occupied ！", " Error message ");
                }
            }
            else
            {
                try// Turn off the serial port 
                {
                    usart_closing = true;// tell Invoke The serial port is closing 
                    while (usart_listening) Application.DoEvents();// Waiting to arrive Invoke After execution 
                    sp.Close();
                    usart_closing = false;// The above code is designed to prevent locking when closing the serial port 

                    isOpen = false;
                    buttonOpen.Text = " Open the serial port ";
                    // After the serial port is opened, the relevant serial port setting button can no longer be used 
                    cboxCOM.Enabled = true;
                    cboxBaudRate.Enabled = true;
                    cboxStopBits.Enabled = true;
                    cboxDataBits.Enabled = true;
                    cboxParity.Enabled = true;
                    buttonCheck.Enabled = true;

                    countClear();
                }
                catch (Exception)
                {
                    // After failed to open the serial port , The corresponding flag bit is cancelled 
                    isOpen = false;
                    MessageBox.Show(" An error occurred while closing the serial port ！", " Error message ");
                }
            }
        }

        // Serial port sends string 
        private void UartSend(String str)
        {
            if (isOpen == true)
            {
                try
                {
                    sp.Write(str);
                    SendCount += Encoding.Default.GetBytes(str).Length;
                    refreshSendCount();
                }
                catch
                {
                    PortErrorDeal();
                }
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show(" The serial port is not open ！", " Error message ");
            }
        }

        // Send array 
        private void UartSend(byte[] buf, int len)
        {
            if (isOpen == true)
            {
                try
                {
                    sp.Write(buf, 0, len);
                    SendCount += len;
                    refreshSendCount();
                }
                catch
                {
                    PortErrorDeal();
                }
            }
            else
            {
                MessageBox.Show(" The serial port is not open ！", " Error message ");
            }
        }

        // Send array 
        private void UartSend(byte[] buf)
        {
            UartSend(buf, buf.Length);
        }


        // Serial port receiving event 
        private void sp_DataReceived(object sender, SerialDataReceivedEventArgs e)
        {
            if (usart_closing)// If the serial port is shutting down , Ignore action , Go straight back to 
            {
                return;
            }
            else
            {
                usart_listening = true;                       // perform Invoke Start ,ui You can't close the serial port 
            }
            //this.Invoke  Cross thread access ui  Methods , It is also an example of this article 
            try
            {
                this.Invoke((EventHandler)(delegate
                {
                    int Bytes_n = sp.BytesToRead;                 // Avoid thinking that the cause of cache inconsistency 
                    Byte[] ReceivedDatabuf = new Byte[Bytes_n];   // Create receive byte array 
                    sp.Read(ReceivedDatabuf, 0, Bytes_n);         // Read the received data 
                    ReceiveCount += Bytes_n;
                    buffer.AddRange(ReceivedDatabuf);             //1. Cache data  
                    refreshReceiveCount();
                }));
            }
            catch
            {
                PortErrorDeal();
            }
            finally
            {
                usart_listening = false;// After execution Invoke 了 ,ui You can turn off the serial port 
            }
        }

        // Serial port error handling 
        private void PortErrorDeal()
        {
            MessageBox.Show(" Disconnect or unplug the serial port ！", " Error message ");
            try
            {
                sp.Close();
            }
            catch
            {

            }
            isOpen = false;
            buttonOpen.Text = " Open the serial port ";
            // After the serial port is opened, the relevant serial port setting button can no longer be used 
            cboxCOM.Enabled = true;
            buttonCheck.Enabled = true;
        }

        // Refresh the receive count 
        private void refreshReceiveCount()
        { 
            labReiveCount.Text = " receive ：" + ReceiveCount.ToString();
        }

        // Refresh send count 
        private void refreshSendCount()
        {
            labSendCount.Text = " send out ：" + SendCount.ToString();
        }

        // The count value is cleared 
        private void countClear()
        {
            SendCount = 0;
            ReceiveCount = 0;
            refreshReceiveCount();
            refreshSendCount();
        }

        // Send data changes 
        private void labSendCount_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {

        }

        // Receive data changes 
        private void labReiveCount_TextChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            if (ReceiveCount == 0)
            {
                buffer.Clear();
            }
            else
            {
                recevivedData();
            }
        }
}